Civil Disobedience as Refusal to Obey Civil Laws - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 830 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/05 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Civil Disobedience Essay Did you like this example? Civil disobedience is defined in the dictionary as refusal to obey civil laws in an effort to induce change in governmental policy or legislation, characterized by the use of passive resistance or other non-violent means (Houghton, 2000). But civil disobedience is much more than just the outcome it brings, its also about the journey to outcome. People like Nelson Mandela have gone to prison for it, Martin Luther King preached it, Gandhi promoted it, and even Jesus used civil disobedience to stand up for what he believed in. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Civil Disobedience as Refusal to Obey Civil Laws" essay for you Create order (Source 1)Mahatma Gandhi once said that Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony (Source 2) To Gandhi, it seems happiness came to him by standing up for his beliefs, and peacefully marching against the Salt Acts. Using civil disobedience Gandhi knew that provoking a response from the British gave his cause the power to change India form a British colony to an independent country. Gandhi did not force roughly 1 million people follow his procession, he set an example for others, showing them his way to change things without violence and gave them someone to stand behind and used them as inspiration to stay standing. Gandhis journey with civil disobedience was much more than inspiring others to choose peaceful protest, he made choices that were small as an individual but massive when committed by a large population. He led by example not forcing anyone to follow him. Martin Luther King Jr., like Gandhi, became the face of the hope for change. King preached his hopes for equality and african american civil rights; peacefully protested along with thousands of other oppressed african americans in the southern United States. Martin Luther King used his voice to inspire the people rather than leading by example with action like Gandhi. Kings speeches inspired the african american community to choose nonviolence in order to reach the goal of equal rights. He was even imprisoned at Birmingham Jail for disobeying the laws he believed were unjust. In his letter from Birmingham he wrote to the people who opposed his beliefs, not criticizing them for their beliefs but outlining the reasons behind his. He describes his nonviolent campaign and in any campaign of nonviolence of having our basic steps: factual evidence of injustice, negotiation, self-purification, and direct action; nonviolent of course. He then explained his campaign with the steps in mind (so urce 3). The four steps described in Kings letter from Birmingham can be applied to all acts of civil disobedience. For example, Gandhi identified the injustices he saw in the salt taxes imposed by the British government, he tried to negotiate with the British government, he found peace with the facts that the laws would not change without action, he then peacefully and nonviolently acted by marching to the Indian Ocean in protest to collect salt by hand rather than buy it, as well as making his own clothes (source 2). Rosa Parks saw injustice in the public transportation segregation laws, she tried to negotiate with the bus drivers and passengers, she understood that violence was not the way to change, and acted by refusing to sit in her assigned section and then boycotting the bus system altogether (source 1). In our own community, we have seen, heard of, and participated in civil disobedience. By walking out of school to protest gun violence in the wake of the Parkland shooting, the LGBT parade, and attending the womens rights rally, we have participated in civil disobedience and all of these e xamples of civil disobedience occured in our city of Boise. These examples all follow Mr. Kings steps and have all made an impact in someway. The definition of civil disobedience in the dictionary is a very blanket and closed, when civil disobedience changes every time its used. Although it does have its continuities, civil disobedience, like a body of water, ebbs and flows with the situation. As Boise police chief William Bones wrote on his perspective on civil disobedience, there needs to be a balance between the issues protested and the amount of law violation or disturbances. So, my fellow students and young activists, civil disobedience is a proven way to bring change in our community and our world. Civil disobedience is nonviolent action to bring change, voice a shared opinion, and bring injustice to light. Civil disobedience is the choice made by a group people who see something that they believe is unjust and nonviolently take action to try and make the injustice right. It is different in every situation and has many applications, from rallies to boycotts. And in our community, city, state, and country, civil disob edience has been used in many forms to change the course of history and we will continue to do so. As the future, we need to set an example for each other and inspire as Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Henry David Thoreau, Rosa Parks, Nelson Mandela, John Locke, and Dalai Lama did for others in the past (source 1).

The History of Repeated Madness and Violence in The...

Victor Sejour’s short story â€Å"The Mulatto† from 1837 and Alice Walker’s story â€Å"The Child Who Favoured Daughter† from her collection In Love and Trouble: Stories of Black Women in 1973 are fine examples of African American gothic representing the complexity of racism within society and the theme of female sexuality. The stories have several themes in common that they address in their distinct manner. For instance, the representation of the slave community surrounding the main characters in â€Å"The Mulatto† is cooperated whereas, in â€Å"The Child Who Favoured Daughter,† the protagonist appears to have chosen to stay aloof from the society he belongs to. Another difference is in their respective narrative strategies; â€Å"The Mulatto† allegorizes the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Mulatto† for instance, reflects the slave community as a helpful community that looks out for each other in every possible way. Fr om instances such as the sudden realization of the kinship between Laisa and Jacques as siblings, which is of course short lived, to the group of independent slaves- Maroons who support Georges until he finally sets to kill his wrongdoer; the story reveals various kinds of independent efforts that are courageous. Another reflection of the integration of the slave community is how Georges for three years â€Å"maintained close ties† (The Mulatto) with the plantation slaves and manages to one may say, spy on Alfred. This complicates the general mentality of slaves of not attaching themselves too deeply with the near ones as stated by the narrator Antoine, as there is a sense of tendency to help each other as and when needed. This however, is not true always seeing the fact that this very community preserves secrets that maintain peace in the lives of both, the slaves and their master. The fact that Alfred is Georges’ father has been purposely kept a secret primarily due to Alfred’s order and secondarily to maintain peace to let the things be they have always been. Nevertheless, Laisa letting out this secret in the â€Å"little pouch† when she dies already hints to some kind of catastrophe that is to follow. This is unlike â€Å"The Child Who Favoured

Pamela Spencer Case free essay sample

Pamela Spencer, the manager of HouseMart in Port Madison, New York was confronted by one of the store’s regular customers, Mrs. Kerns concerning the state of her installed cedar fencing after a severe wind and rain storm had hit the area. Mrs. Kerns had contacted HouseMart’s installation manager earlier that morning complaining of her fence leaning at a 45-degree angle and after the installation manager’s inspection, he found that since the fence had been properly installed there was essentially nothing he could do and suggested to Mrs. Kerns that she should contact her insurance company. Mrs. Kerns was unsatisfied with the installation manager’s response and entered the store later that day to confront Pamela just as the store was preparing to close. Pamela explained to Mrs. Kerns that she should give her the pictures of the damaged fencing so she could look at them personally but there isn’t much she could do at the time because the store is closing, and then suggested that Mrs. We will write a custom essay sample on Pamela Spencer Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Kerns return to the store the following day to discuss the matter further. Mrs. Kerns agreed to return the next day to discuss the issue at length, leaving Pamela in a predicament about what to tell Mrs. Kerns concerning her fencing. Stakeholders There are several different stakeholders represented in this case. The first stakeholder that comes to mind is Mrs. Kerns. Mrs. Kerns is a frequent customer of HouseMart; however, she often returns products or only buys products that happen to be on sale. Mrs. Kerns is primarily concerned with the value and quality of products as well as customer service in the store. The second stakeholder is Pamela Spencer. Pamela Spencer is the manager of HouseMart. She is primarily focused on managing the store to the best of her abilities while paying special attention to internal operations, profitability, and customer service. The third stakeholder in this case is Dan Zegan. Dan Zegan is HouseMart’s installation manager. He handled Mrs. Kern’s complaint concerning the state of her fence and went to inspect it personally. Dan Zegan is primarily concerned with overlooking the installation aspect of HouseMart’s services, and he deduced that Mrs. Kerns’ fence had been properly installed. The fourth stakeholder represented in this case would be the HouseMart employees. The HouseMart employees are directly involved by coming into contact with Mrs. Kerns on several different occasions with her visits to the store. The employees are primarily concerned with helping all of their customers with their needs and assisting them, but specifically in this case they are tasked with helping Mrs. Kerns. Purpose of Warranty HouseMart gives their customers two different options when it comes to buying fencing. They can buy the fencing outright and install it themselves, or they can buy the fencing and use the contractors HouseMart provides. When the customers go through HouseMart for installation they are set up with independent contractors. HouseMart only suggests and works with the most trustworthy contractors. HouseMart does provide a warranty for fencing. The warranty is a 30-day warranty that guarantees proper installation. The warranty included that if any damage happened to a customer’s fencing due to faulty installation, HouseMart would cover all costs as well as replacement and reinstallation (Brown 51). The purpose of the warranty essentially is to guarantee the installation of the fencing. However, HouseMart can avoid any other reason for replacing the fencing if it does not have to do with faulty installation. By providing their customers with this option HouseMart can basically avoid replacing fencing. Marketing Concept Pamela Spencer manages HouseMart according to the marketing concept, meaning she manages a firms goals that can be best achieved through identification and satisfaction of the customers stated and unstated needs and wants (Marketing). She takes several customer-oriented actions at HouseMart. When Pamela began working for HouseMart as an assistant manager she took some liberties upon herself to improve customer service. She instituted training programs for part-time staff to help improve employee knowledge and to aid the communication process between employees and customers. The workshops helped the staff learn more about the products and become more knowledgeable in key areas for it do-it-yourselfers. During her time as assistant manager she also took it upon herself to personally handle customer complaints to make sure that the proper procedures were followed. Her focus on customer service and improving customer-employee relationships helped her improve upon her marketing concept. During Pamela’s time as assistant manager and even in her current position as manager she has made many improvements to the store as a whole; however, not all of these improvements are based on the marketing concept. Her focus on operations and profitability may have detracted some from the marketing concept. Essential Facts In order to help formulate a good decision for Pamela based on her incident with Mrs. Kerns there are certain essential facts of the situation that must be taken into consideration. One very important fact of this case is that Beverly Kerns is a frequent HouseMart customer who usually comes in once a week (Brown 51). Another important fact concerning Mrs. Kerns is that she buys all types of merchandise from HouseMart but usually only purchases items that are on sale, and almost always returns at least half of the items she bought (Brown 51). The next important fact in this case is that before Mrs. Kerns came to confront Pamela Spencer at HouseMart she had been in contact with the installation manager Dan Zegan about the damage to her fencing. Mr. Zegan had even gone to Mrs. Kerns’ house to personally inspect the damage to the fence and told Mrs. Kerns that the damage was not due to faulty installation and suggested she contact her insurance company (Brown 45). Another important fact in this case is that Mrs. Kerns’ fence was damaged due to a severe September wind and rain storm, but her fencing was installed in April (Brown 45). The next important fact to consider in this situation is the manner in which Mrs. Kerns confronted Pamela Spencer. Mrs. Kerns showed up to the store minutes before the store was closing only to wave pictures of the fence in Pamela’s face while accusing her of ignoring the complaint. Mrs. Kerns even cussed at Pamela while asking her what she intended to do about the mess (Brown 45). One last and important fact to consider in this situation is that Pamela is very familiar with Mrs. Kerns as a customer in her store and has become annoyed with Mrs. Kerns’ attitude and actions, and is letting her personal feelings come into play in her decision about Mrs. Kerns’ fencing (Brown 52). SWOT Analysis According to Ryan Goodrich from Business News Daily, â€Å"The SWOT analysis enables companies to identify the positive and negative influencing factors inside and outside of a company or organization. The key role of SWOT is to help develop a full awareness of all factors that may affect strategic planning and decision making, a goal that can be applied to most any aspect of industry,† (Goodrich). Figure 1 identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for HouseMart. Pamela Spencer’s focus on making HouseMart more profitable as well as her attention to overall operations is a huge strength for the company. Her focus on customer service is also very important because it helps grow and maintain a customer base. Pamela’s no-nonsense approach to her staff makes her an effective manager. Weaknesses of HouseMart include the lack of cooperation with the former manager of HouseMart and the resentment of Pamela by employees. A business is only as good as the people working for them. The huge lack of profitability by HouseMart in the first three quarters of the year makes it difficult for Pamela to make large increases in that area. Opportunities for HouseMart include the fact that with market trends indicate that younger couples now look to buy older homes with the plans to renovate them themselves (Brown 50). This is very opportunistic for HouseMart with all of their do-it-yourself products and knowledge. The housing market regaining its former strength is also opportunistic for HouseMart, because houses both new and old will always need something that is ready to be renovated or fixed. Threats to HouseMart include the competition in the local area from the neighborhood hardware stores to the big box hardware stores. Local business is a lot of times more preferable to people from the area. Another threat is always one that House Mart will come into contact with, and that is the ever changing economic conditions and the new market trends that may steer away from what HouseMart has to offer. Figure 1 Mrs. Kerns’ dissatisfaction Based on the confrontation Mrs. Kerns started with Pamela Spencer, Mrs. Kerns is extremely dissatisfied. The source of Mrs. Kerns’ dissatisfaction stems from the idea that she thinks her fence was not properly installed and that the damage that was done by the storm was solely the fault of the poor installation. The steps that would lead to increasing Mrs. Kerns’ satisfaction as well as other customer’s satisfaction would be to guarantee the installation, and explain to them the cause of damage to their fencing if it was not due to installation issues. After explaining and talking calmly with Mrs. Kerns or other customers about the issue they should both find an alternative to remedy the situation to help satisfy the customer’s needs. By taking those steps you will likely increase the probability that the customer will return. HouseMart’s Customer Satisfaction HouseMart should value customer satisfaction among one of its most important business values. They should value it to the extent that should never lose a customer over dissatisfaction with customer service or problems stemming from faulty products. It is very important in a small community to take every customer’s satisfaction level seriously, because all it takes is one bad incident and then the whole community knows. With an outspoken customer and confrontational customer like Mrs. Kerns it is likely she would spread word of her dissatisfying experience at HouseMart. Alternative Decisions There are several alternatives Pamela Spencer could consider in relation to Mrs. Kerns fencing situation. Mrs. Kerns is a frequent customer of HouseMart; however, she is not a frequently satisfied customer considering she usually returns half of the items she buys. Mrs. Kerns also has the habit of only buying items on sale at HouseMart. Taking into account those two facts, Mrs. Kerns is not an extremely reliable customer when it comes to profitability of the store overall. Pamela could employ the alternative decision of backing up her other manager Dan by agreeing with what he had already told Mrs. Kerns that she should contact her insurance agency. Another alternative decision Pamela could make would be to help Mrs. Kerns replace her old fencing by providing free installation on the new fencing she would buy to replace the old fencing. By using that alternative Mrs. Kerns may become more satisfied because she feels like she is getting a good deal. One other possible alternative cold be to inform Mrs. Kerns that there is nothing Pamela could to do help fix her fencing but could offer her a slight discount on her next purchase. Mrs. Kerns may feel satisfied with that alternative considering her shopping habits. All of these alternatives cost HouseMart, either through discounts, free replacement, or the possibility of losing Mrs. Kerns as a customer altogether. Pamela’s Decision Based on all of the facts from the case I believe that Pamela Spencer should support her installation manager, Dan Zegan’s decision that Mrs. Kerns should contact her insurance company concerning the storm damage to her fencing. I think that Pamela should explain in detail to Mrs. Kerns that she would go herself to assess the damage again to be sure that it was installed properly, and that if it was properly installed that there is nothing she can do because the 30-day warranty guaranteeing installation had expired. If Mrs. Kerns is extremely upset I would suggest that Pamela offer her a slight discount on items she may purchase in the future. I would suggest this decision because in the overall scheme of things Mrs. Kerns is a repeat customer, but she is not a profitable repeat customer. Mrs. Kerns always returns items and only buys items that are on sale. She is also an annoyance to staff and management and provides no real opportunity for business expansion. Overall Mrs. Kerns is not an asset to HouseMart and she should not be given a free fence to replace a fence that was damaged by a storm when insurance can replace it just as easily as HouseMart could.

The non-diegetic sound Essay Example

The non-diegetic sound Paper Focus on how narrative and Genre features create meaning and generate response in a sequence from The Day The Earth Stood Still of no more than 15 minutes. This essay will discuss the history of science-fiction film, to establish common genre-conventions and finally apply genre and narrative conventions to The Day The Earth Stood Still. Genre and narrative come from expectations made by the audience and they offer comfort and reassurance because they help the audience to know what to expect and how to understand the film. Genre conventions take into account many aspects of a film including sound, actors, style, and form but mainly it deals with the films iconography i. e. the props, costumes, and settings. Narrative deals more with how and why the characters move the plot on, for example Propp said there are eight character types in every film, I will show this in more detail later. Fritz Langs Metropolis, made in 1926, can be seen to be one of the earliest science-fiction films that gained respect from audiences worldwide. It featured a mad scientist who created an evil robot in the form of a beautiful saintly girl. We will write a custom essay sample on The non-diegetic sound specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The non-diegetic sound specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The non-diegetic sound specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The science-fiction films of the 1950s, when The Day The Earth Stood Still was made, were generally low budget and therefore in black and white. Most of the scenes were shot at night because it is a cheap way of creating a spine-chilling effect. They generally had alien aircraft in them. The Invasion Of The Body Snatchers was directed by Don Siegel in 1956 and is a good example for all these common themes-as it was shot at night, under a low budget and in black and white. The Day The Earth Stood Still was made in 1951. The plot tells the story of an alien landing in Washington. The alien causes panic and the police try to capture him. However, the alien actually comes with a very important plea of peace-as he finally tells the nation, If you threaten to extend your violence, this earth of yours will be reduced to a burnt out cinder. Your choice is simple, join us and live in peace, or pursue your present course and face obliteration. The film was directed by Robert Wise and was his only science-fiction film. He mainly did musicals and is best known for directing The Sound of Music in 1965. The two stars of the film, Michael Rennie and Patricia Neal, were not very well known when this film was made. However, Michael Rennie had had minor parts in many movies including The Wicked Lady in 1945. This film was made in the heart of the cold war, a time when, in America particularly, anti-communist views were held strongly in the West. The McCarthy witch-hunts of communists in public life and the arts led to the blacklisting of many writers, actors and directors. There was such a fear of communism at this time that this films anti-war message could have been seen by some as being unpatriotic. It was thus a very brave film to make but, thankfully, Robert Wise wasnt black listed and went on to direct many more classic films. The film carries its message on today, when after September 11 it is hard for Americans to argue against a possible war against Iraq. The best art has always carried messages that can be read by all people at all times. The extract I have chosen to study out of The Day The Earth Stood Still is near the end of the film. It starts with Klaatu and Helen on the way to the spaceship where Klaatu is going to make his speech. Klaatu tells Helen that Gort has the power to destroy the earth if he isnt there to stop him, but Klaatu is then shot by the Army and presumed dead. However, thanks to Helen, Gort saves his life in time for Klaatu to make the speech. Like many 1950s science fiction movies this extract is set at night, to try to create a tense atmosphere. The non-diegetic sound is very mechanical, reinforcing the idea that this film is part of the science fiction genre. It also has a trembling effect and some very sharp staccato notes to create the tension felt in this extract. The music is only played when Gort is in shot emphasising his mechanical nature. The spaceship is made out of smooth shapes, and man-made materials, for example plastic and metal. This emphasises how much more advanced the aliens are than the humans as they are using materials we know very well to create something that we couldnt achieve at that time. The effects of the electric doors and the platform dissolving into itself add a futuristic effect to the spaceship. The figure of Gort is the main icon that shows this extract to be a science fiction film. His costume is silver, a colour that is connected to metal and therefore robots, and in place of his eyes is one bright light. Gort can be seen as similar to robots that appear in later films. For instance in West World, made twenty years later, the robots have the power to kill us quicker than we can kill them, and in Terminator the robots are gaining complete control over the world. This parallels the way in which in DESS the other planets have given complete control to Gort and his kind. Fear is an important aspect of any science-fiction film; and in this film Gort provides the main element of fear. Even Klaatu says he fears his power, Im afraid of what he might do if anything should happen to me Theres no limit to what he could do, he could destroy the earth.

U.S Drones free essay sample

It could potentially help find lost hikers in mountains, It could help follow suspects and SSP on them without them knowing. This although raises a lot of questions from citizens, because it invades there privacy. Americans dont want this, because not only are they being invaded of their privacy but they are feel somewhat threatened. Threatened because these same similar drones are the ones used overseas to attack enemies of the state. These drones do have the ability to help local, state and federal law enforcements, n order to make everything quicker, cheaper, and safer. This could plan could help out in all sorts of domestic problems, whether its anything from a shooting to a natural disaster. It would make mobility quicker, and also be able to pinpoint certain desired locations without a problem. It could help solve crimes, bring down the crime rate and at the same time, save lives because the drones are unmanned and inexpensive that compared to the man flying planes. We will write a custom essay sample on U.S Drones or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The technology is evolving faster than the law, points out the flaw of the drone. The act and use of these drones are held back because of its unethical use.The people believe it will be crossing the line and lead to criminal trespassing, and break privacy laws. The FAA is the group responsible to make licenses, regulation, and conduct the proper order of business with these drones. They have until September 201 5 to have regulation put in place so It can officially start. Civil liberty groups have been protesting to these unjust decisions by the government. These liberty groups can be classified under the political linkage cause they are parties, groups with some political influence that are trying to get there point across to the government, so that something can be done.The structure that supports the political linkage is the fact that Americans do not agree and do not feel its right. So the push for a more justified way of going about with this drone situation, the civil liberty groups, political linkage, have been able to influence some people within Congress, Government. In Congress, Reps. Ted Poe (R-Texas) and Zoe Aloofer (D-San Jose) Introduced privacy legislation Thursday that would require Alice to get a warrant or a court order before operating a drone to collect 1 OFF this and government action. Threw all these actions that are occurring about with the drones, I was able to set up a framework to show the flow of how something can be done in this American Democracy. This article informs people of the situation by describing both sides of pros and cons while advocating for the possible Justification in using drones to help law enforcement agencies do there Job better and more efficiently. It has all the right intentions to do so.

World Population Growth essays

World Population Growth essays In October, 2011, the worlds population had reached another milestone, 70 billion people. The worlds population has doubled and tripled throughout the years. According to the United Nations, the worlds population is most likely to reach 100 billion by 2083. One of the reasons for the rapid population growth is technological development. If you look into charts that show how world population changes throughout time, you will clearly discover a rapid growth after every significant event in development, such as the Industrial Revolution. Every time we make another major improvement in technology, we push environmental capacity to another limit. We mined, farmed, built power plants and so on to make the earth more suitable for us to inhabit, which in turn leads to population growth. Another reason for population growth lays in improvement in health care. People live longer and longer these days. Back in 20th century, the worlds average life expectancy was about 30 years old and now, after only 100 years, we have doubled that number. The worlds average life expectancy in 2012 is 68 years old, and in some countries, like Japan, people are even expected to live over 80. With improvement in medicine and health care, we reduced the death rate dramatically, which has no doubt contributed to the population growth. With people living longer, we are facing another problem, population aging. Take my country, Taiwan as an example. According to Taiwans Council for Economic Planning and Development, Taiwans aging index is 76.8% (population age over 65 divided by population age under 15) in 2012, making it one of the worlds fastest ageing countries. As a result, my country is now suffering from lack of labor, shortage of health care resources, and more. This situation is commonly seen all over the world, mostly in developed countries. And it seems that the developing countries in different areas ...

Transaction cost theory and resource-based theory to explore the Essay

Transaction cost theory and resource-based theory to explore the argument that big business has lost some of its competitive advantage in recent years - Essay Example In the context of globalisation, the ability of firms to compete their rivals has been related to their size; indeed, large firms have been often considered as having a competitive advantage towards the small and medium enterprises.Transaction cost theory and resource-based theory to explore the argument that big business has lost some of its competitive advantage in recent years.In practice, the above view seems to be invalid; more specifically, the expansion of large firms geographically is not an indication of these firm’s financial strength or highly competitiveness; on the contrary, these firms are often exposed to high operational costs and to increased risks regarding the management of their resources. The above issue is examined in this paper; the transaction cost theory and the resource-based theory are used for exploring and justifying the potential limitation of the competitive advantage of large firms in recent years. Both these theories indicate that the potential s of big businesses to compete in the global market have been limited; this outcome has many different aspects, which are explained and critically discussed used the transaction cost theory and the resource-based theory, at the level that these theories can be used for the evaluation of competitiveness of big business. The understanding of the potential role of the transaction cost theory and the resource-based theory in the identification and evaluation of the loss of competitive advantage of big business requires the reference... Through the views presented above it is made clear that the involvement of the transaction cost theory in the identification and the evaluation of the loss of competitive advantage of big business can have different aspects: a) as noted above, the transaction cost theory is based on the view that all organizational activities are based on a specific cost; therefore, the lack of funds for covering these costs would lead to the limitation of organizational activities – at the level that they cannot be fully funded by the organization; in this way, the firm involved can lose its competitive advantage towards its rivals, b) the precise estimation of costs in large firms is a challenging task; since the operations of these firms are expanded the estimation of the cost involved can be quite difficult; this problem could be effectively resolved by using the organization’s reports – in which the activities and the resources of the firm are analytically described; c) larg e firms can be differentiated from firms of other sizes in regard to its potentials to promote and support its products/ services; regarding the level of costs also, a large firm is highly differentiated from small/ medium firms; however, under certain cases, the financial status of a small/ medium firm can be quite satisfactory allowing the development of various organizational projects – which in large firm may not be feasible because of the lack of the relevant funds, d) transaction costs in large firms – as also in small/medium firms are not standardized; they may change under the influence of the market pressures; this fact could lead to the following problem: a large firm which has no financial problem might become liable to